S. aureus enhances replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro through the bacterial iron-regulated surface determinant protein A

By Bhavana KunkalikarJan 17 2023Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study published in iScience, researchers assessed the impact of Staphylococcus aureus on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 replication.

In contrast, the S. aureus protein lipase 1 promotes IAV replication within primary cells by positively controlling infectious particle release. IAV infection is evidenced to increase the adherence and multiplication of S. aureus within epithelial cells. Therefore, the team aimed to examine whether CoV-2-infected cells impact S. aureus adhesion. This was achieved by constructing an in vitro coinfection model that evaluated the replication kinetics of the two viruses.

Furthermore, virus-infected cells were co-cultured with bacterial mutants that did not have one or more of the main S. aureus proteins typically observed in the bacterial supernatant. Using reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction , the team analyzed transcription 12 hours after viral infection in the absence and presence of bacteria.

In contrast to the presence of wild-type bacteria, which increased viral proliferation by a factor of 10, exposure to heat-killed bacteria had no effect. Simultaneously, the team noted that the WT bacteria numbers grew by more than 2-log in 24 hours.

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