"Our analyses have allowed us to identify genes associated with critical traits, including fruit shape, flavor, and stress responses. This opens up a world of possibilities for agricultural advancements and the development of more resilient, flavorful varieties," said Professor Zhangjun Fei, one of the study's lead authors.
The Capsicum genus, commonly called pepper or paprika, belongs to the nightshade family and includes about 35 species. The researchers discovered that the two main domesticated species have been selectively bred in different ways, affecting traits like fruit size, shape, and spiciness.
The researchers began by assembling high-quality genomes for three pepper species using advanced sequencing technologies. They constructed a comprehensive graph pan-genome using these genomes as a basis. The team then resequenced the genomes of 500 pepper varieties, covering all five domesticated species and their wild relatives.
Feng Liu et al, Genomes of cultivated and wild Capsicum species provide insights into pepper domestication and population differentiation,
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