Time-restricted eating outperforms calorie counting in weight loss for type 2 diabetes patients

By Neha MathurOct 31 2023Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent article published in Jama Network Open, researchers discuss the findings of a six-month-long randomized clinical trial evaluating time-restricted eating without calorie counting as an alternative strategy to daily calorie restriction for reducing body weight and regulating glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes .

Although CR is the most commonly prescribed intervention in T2D, it is often tedious to follow and difficult to adhere to, thereby limiting patient compliance. Thus, there remains an urgent need for alternative intervention strategies for T2D, such as TRE. The TRE group participants ate with no restrictions on the type or quantity of food during the eight-hour eating window between 12:00 and 8:00 p.m. daily. However, this group fasted for 16 hours from 8:00 p.m. to 12:00 p.m. the following day, during which they only consumed water and energy-free drinks. CR group participants reduced their calorie intake by 25% of their baseline energy requirements throughout the trial.

However, if HbA1c levels exceeded 7% up to 8.5%, the dose of sulfonylureas was reduced by 50% while not changing the long-acting insulin dose and reducing the short-acting insulin dose by 10%. When baseline HbA1c levels exceeded 8.5%, all medication doses remained the same. All participants wore a continuous glucose monitor or tested their blood glucose levels using a glucose monitor for a minimum of 10 days at baseline, as well as three and six months. This allowed the researchers to detect hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, reflected by glucose levels less than 70 mg/dL or over 180 mg/dL, respectively.

Both TRE and CR groups were associated with comparable reductions in waist circumference but not visceral fat mass relative to controls. Notably, visceral fat mass is a robust factor associated with changes in glycemic control.

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