By Bhavana KunkalikarSep 20 2022Reviewed by Danielle Ellis, B.Sc. In a recent study posted to the bioRxiv* preprint server, researchers explored the effect of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 exposure on the brain.
The team created an organotypic ex vivo culture with frontal and parietal cortex slices from post-mortem brain excision of non-COVID patients to better regulate the effects of SARS-CoV-2 exposure on the human brain. The 3D microelectrode array measured the functional activity of cultured brain slices since they displayed remarkable spontaneous electrical activity. The team employed a 3D system that replicated an embryonic cortex without microglia.
Ex vivo infection of frontal and parietal brain slices infected with SARS-CoV-2 reporter viruses demonstrated that only a small proportion of cells could become infected, and the virus could not spread further into the slice post-initial virus inoculation. SARS-CoV-2 resulted in neither toxicity nor significant tissue disorganization. This data showed that SARS-CoV-2 could infect neural cells only to a limited extent.
The team discovered that nearly a third of the 180 proteins upregulated after SARS-CoV-2 infection was related to the synaptosome. Also, the presynaptic marker bassoon showed considerable enlargement and lengthening after exposure to SARS-CoV-2, as highlighted by quantitative image analysis.
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