From ‘Contraband’ to ‘Citizen’: Visiting Arlington’s Section 27

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More than 3,800 formerly enslaved people are buried in the military cemetery.

Arlington National Cemetery's Section 27 is the final resting place of more than 3,800 formerly enslaved people who escaped to Washington during the Civil War but died after they arrived. Arlington National Cemetery is a military cemetery, yet just inside the north wall of the cemetery there are hundreds of headstones labeled either “Civilian” or “Citizen.

By 1864, Washington’s civilian population had swelled as a result of a decree issued in the summer of 1861 stipulating that any enslaved person who reached the safety of Union lines would be considered a contraband of war. Thousands came north., senior historian at Arlington National Cemetery. “Enslaved people were considered property of the Confederacy.

About 1,500 U.S. Colored Troops were also buried in Section 27. Their gravestones are typically marked with their name, company and regiment. Some include the death date. The markers of the former contrabands have less detail, sometimes just a single name:“These were people really living through the transition from enslavement to freedom,” Finkelstein said. “They did not have a secure place in the nation yet. In the chaos of war, the details of their lives were often lost.

 

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