]. This might suggest that brief interventions for distress, and particularly those which can be self-administered as needed, would be more practical and have better adherence, especially in patients who are in the advanced stages of cancer.This review had a number of limitations. The inclusion criteria restricted the review to studies published in the English language and our searches only included published literature.
Mindfulness techniques are relatively quick to teach, and can be self-administered outside medical settings by patients and carers. They can be taught face to face, via the internet and practised at home by patients or carers who have had some instruction.
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Predictor of cognitive impairment: metabolic syndrome or circadian syndrome - BMC GeriatricsBackground It was reported that metabolic syndrome increases the risk for cognitive impairment and circadian rhythm may influence cognition behavior. Identifying the potential risk factors is essential to screen individuals with neuronal dysfunction, neuronal loss, and cognitive decline and prevent cognitive impairment and dementia development. Methods We clarified participants by the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and circadian syndrome (CircS) and employed three multivariable Generalized Estimating Equation (GEE) models to control the potential confounding factors and estimate the β values for cognitive function using as referents those had neither MetS nor CircS at baseline. The cognitive function consists of episodic memory and executive function was estimated via the modified Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) every two years until 2015. Results The mean age of the participants was 58.80 (8.93) years and 49.92% (male). The prevalence of MetS and CircS was 42.98% and 36.43%, respectively. 1,075 (11.00%) and 435 (4.45%) participants had either MetS or CircS alone and 3,124 (31.98%) had both CircS and MetS. Participants with both MetS and CircS compared with normal had a significantly decreased cognitive function score during the 4-years cohort (β=-0.32, 95% CI: -0.63, -0.01) with the complete model, as well as among participants who suffered from CircS alone (β=-0.82, 95% CI: -1.47, -0.16), while not among participants with MetS alone (β = 0.13, 95% CI: -0.27, 0.53). Specifically, compared with the normal population a significantly lower score was discovered in the episodic memory (β=-0.51, 95% CI: -0.95, -0.07), while slightly lower in executive function (β=-0.33, 95% CI: -0.68, -0.01) among individuals with CircS alone. Conclusions Individuals with CircS alone or both MetS and CircS have a high risk of cognitive impairment. The association was even stronger in participants with CircS alone than those with both MetS and CircS, suggesting Circ
Source: BioMedCentral - 🏆 22. / 71 Read more »
Sniffer dogs can identify lung cancer patients from breath and urine samples - BMC CancerBackground Lung cancer is the most common oncological cause of death in the Western world. Early diagnosis is critical for successful treatment. However, no effective screening methods exist. A promising approach could be the use of volatile organic compounds as diagnostic biomarkers. To date there are several studies, in which dogs were trained to discriminate cancer samples from controls. In this study we evaluated the abilities of specifically trained dogs to distinguish samples derived from lung cancer patients of various tumor stages from matched healthy controls. Methods This single center, double-blind clinical trial was approved by the local ethics committee, project no FF20/2016. The dog was conditioned with urine and breath samples of 36 cancer patients and 150 controls; afterwards, further 246 patients were included: 41 lung cancer patients comprising all stages and 205 healthy controls. From each patient two breath and urine samples were collected and shock frozen. Only samples from new subjects were presented to the dog during study phase randomized, double-blinded. This resulted in a specific conditioned reaction pointing to the cancer sample. Results Using a combination of urine and breath samples, the dog correctly predicted 40 out of 41 cancer samples, corresponding to an overall detection rate of cancer samples of 97.6% (95% CI [87.1, 99.9%]). Using urine samples only the dog achieved a detection rate of 87.8% (95% CI [73.8, 95.9%]). With breath samples, the dog correctly identified cancer in 32 of 41 samples, resulting in a detection rate of 78% (95% CI [62.4, 89.4%]). Conclusions It is known from current literature that breath and urine samples carry VOCs pointing to cancer growth. We conclude that olfactory detection of lung cancer by specifically trained dogs is highly suggestive to be a simple and non-invasive tool to detect lung cancer. To translate this approach into practice further target compounds need to be identified.
Source: BioMedCentral - 🏆 22. / 71 Read more »
Belarus' Sabalenka: Wimbledon should explain non-handshakes to crowdSince Russia’s invasion of Ukraine last spring, some players from Ukraine have refused to shake hands with opponents from Russia or Belarus at Wimbledon. Should the tournament make announcements before these matches to explain why?
Source: TheAthletic - 🏆 54. / 63 Read more »
Investigation of frailty markers including a novel biomarker panel in emergency laparotomy: protocol of a prospective cohort study - BMC SurgeryBackground Emergency laparotomy (EmLAP) is one of the commonest emergency operations performed in the United Kingdom (approximately 30, 000 laparotomies annually). These potentially high-risk procedures can be life changing with frail patients and/ or older adults (≥ 65 years) having the poorest outcomes, including mortality. There is no gold standard of frailty assessment and no clinical chemical biomarkers existing in practice. Early detection of subclinical changes or deficits at the molecular level are essential in improving our understanding of the biology of frailty and ultimately improving patient outcomes. This study aims primarily to compare preoperative frailty markers, including a blood-based biomarker panel, in their ability to predict 30 and 90-day mortality post-EmLAP. The secondary aim is to analyse the influence of perioperative frailty on morbidity and quality of life post-EmLAP. Methods A prospective single centred observational study will be conducted on 150 patients ≥ 40 years of age that undergo EmLAP. Patients will be included according to the established NELA (National Emergency Laparotomy Audit) criteria. The variables collected include demographics, co-morbidities, polypharmacy, place of residence, indication and type of surgery (as per NELA criteria) and prognostic NELA score. Frailty will be assessed using: a blood sample for ultra-high performance liquid chromatography mass spectrometry analysis; preoperative CT abdomen pelvis (sarcopenia) and Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Patients will be followed up for 90 days. Variables collected include blood samples (at post operative day 1, 7, 30 and 90), place of residence on discharge, morbidity, mortality and quality of life (EQ-5D-5 L). The frailty markers will be compared between groups of frail (CFS ≥ 4) and non-frail using statistical methods such as regression model and adjusted for appropriate confounding factors. Discussion This study hypothesises that frailty level changes follo
Source: BioMedCentral - 🏆 22. / 71 Read more »
Impact of flail chest injury on morbidity and outcome: ten years’ experience at a tertiary care hospital in a developing country - BMC AnesthesiologyBackground One of the worst types of severe chest injuries seen by clinicians is flail chest. This study aims to measure the overall mortality rate among flail chest patients and then to correlate mortality with several demographic, pathologic, and management factors. Methodology A retrospective observational study tracked a total of 376 flail chest patients admitted to the emergency intensive care unit (EICU) and surgical intensive care unit (SICU) at Zagazig University over 120 months. The main outcome measurement was overall mortality. The secondary outcomes were the association of age and sex, concomitant head injury, lung and cardiac contusions, the onset of mechanical ventilation (MV) and chest tubes insertion, the length of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay in days, injury severity score (ISS), associated surgeries, pneumonia, sepsis, the implication of standard fluid therapy and steroid therapy, and the systemic and regional analgesia, with the overall mortality rates. Results The mortality rate was 19.9% overall. The shorter onset of MV and chest tube insertion, and the longer ICU, and hospital length of stay were noted in the mortality group compared with the survived group (P-value less than 0.05). Concomitant head injuries, associated surgeries, pneumonia, pneumothorax, sepsis, lung and myocardial contusion, standard fluid therapy, and steroid therapy were significantly correlated with mortality (P-value less than 0.05). MV had no statistically significant effect on mortality. Regional analgesia (58.8%) had a significantly higher survival rate than intravenous fentanyl infusion (41.2%). In multivariate analysis, sepsis, concomitant head injury, and high ISS were independent predictors for mortality [OR (95% CI) = 568.98 (19.49–16613.52), 6.86 (2.86–16.49), and 1.19 (1.09–1.30), respectively]. Conclusion The current report recorded mortality of 19.9% between flail chest injury patients. Sepsis, concomitant head injury, and higher ISS are the independent
Source: BioMedCentral - 🏆 22. / 71 Read more »
Liz Truss to launch economic challenge to Government after Jeremy Hunt rules out tax cutsLiz Truss is set to launch her biggest economic challenge to the Government yet after the Chancellor ruled out cutting taxes this year The ex-Prime Minister’s new Growth Commission will have its formal launch on Wednesday 🔴 HugoGye reports
Source: i newspaper - 🏆 8. / 89 Read more »