South Africa: 90-60-50 - Can SA Meet Its Diabetes Targets, and Would We Know If We Do?

There are two kinds of diabetes, Type 1 which is an autoimmune condition someone is born with, normally caused by an abnormality in the pancreas and Type 2, which generally occurs as a consequence of a sedentary lifestyle, inactivity, and eating unhealthy food. It is also seen in older people who develop a resistance to insulin.

South Africa has the highest prevalence of diabetes in Africa, according to the International Diabetes Federation . Currently, he says the country relies mostly on a hospital-based model of detecting diabetes using opportunistic screening. For Levitt, the indiscriminate screening of all persons over 18 is"wasteful". She argues that we need to identify the people who are most at risk and then screen those. She says there is also a need for a screening tool that has been developed and validated in our setting.

He adds that it can then be inferred that about the same number of people who are diagnosed with diabetes will be receiving some form of treatment or intervention, which means that it is likely that the country is probably on track to reach the 60% target. There is currently no national data available on how many people with diabetes have their blood sugar under control, according to Kengne. But when looking at smaller studies done at district level, the figures are very low.

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