A researcher studying the BCG vaccine for TB examines test samples in a TASK laboratory in Cape Town. Picture: REUTERS/MIKE HUTCHINGS
The results suggest that the current approach to TB control, which relies on sick people seeking care, is potentially missing large numbers of asymptomatic patients. The UCT scientists used a specially constructed chamber to study the relative contribution of coughing, deep breathing and regular, or “tidal”, breathing to the expulsion of tiny aerosols containing Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacteria that causes TB. They found tidal breathing contributed 90% of the aerosols expelled by an infected person, challenging the belief that coughing produced most of these droplets.
Union president Guy Marks said the study had important implications, suggesting far more effort needed to go into diagnosing patients who were not coughing. Greater attention should be paid, too, to reducing the risk of airborne transmission. “As we have learnt with Covid-19, we need to consider how to control [airborne transmission] more effectively, which may involve masks, ventilation, and methods of keeping the air safe,” he said.
The new Covid?
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