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Namibia: When Colonial Germany Committed Genocide in Namibia

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Between 1904 and 1908, Germany's colonial forces reacted to a rebellion by Ovaherero and Nama people in Namibia with brutal violence and prison camps. The trauma and political repercussion remain unresolved.

Prime Minister of the German federal state of Schleswig-Holstein and president of the Federal Council Daniel Günther at a Swakopmund graveyard monument erected to commemorate the victims of the colonial concentration camp there.

Colonial authorities recognized this and employed various tactics to dispossess the Ovaherero of their land and cattle, even if it meant violating treaties. In early 1904, Ovaherero warriors killed over 100 German settlers. The rebellion -- or as Ovaherero leaders saw it, a military action to reclaim control -- sent shockwaves all the way to Berlin.General Lothar von Trotha took over as Commander in South West Africa in mid-1904, and thousands of German soldiers, or Schutztruppe, poured into the colony. Von Trotha did not want to simply defeat the Ovaherero. In his own words, he sought to annihilate them.

The Ovaherero people perished due to thirst and starvation as well as exposure and overwork at the cold, barren, coastal prison camps at Swakopmund and Lüderitz.

 

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