Why is smoking so hard to stop?

Risner, currently a medical student at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, analyzed a collection of data for months; the data contained information about people with various traits, genes and disorders that lead to other addictions. Next, Risner and her fellow researchers looked for matching variants in genetic data from a national representative sample of Americans diagnosed with nicotine dependence.

"And the reason we used these traits is that there's been previous research that has indicated that those phenotypes have a genetic underpinning and are correlated with nicotine dependence. Because of this, you can assume via that relationship, that there are shared genetic variants that can contribute to both diseases," Risner said.

"Obviously, there are going to be some environmental effects for somebody's risk for developing nicotine dependence," Risner said."For example, you have to initiate using some nicotine product. Still, there are a lot of genetic underpinnings on who actually goes on to develop an addiction, and I think that's really important for destigmatizing addiction in general. Especially with nicotine dependence," Risner said.

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