What a butterfly dream, simulations, and neuroscience teach us about perception.

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How can we tell if our perception is truly real instead of part of a dream or a computer simulation? A dream in ancient China triggered deep questions about reality.

After a dream, an ancient Chinese philosopher asked if he is not now a butterfly dreaming of being a person.

This brief experience caused a huge stir for millennia, with many different interpretations put forward , and it is still being discussed by philosophers almost 2,500 years later .

At first sight, this may seem like senseless hair-splitting by ancient philosophers, but these debates have raised profound questions: Can we trust our minds and our senses? We have moved on from wax pomegranates, but the question of the accuracy of sensation and perception is still a key area of study not just in philosophy, but also in modern psychology and neuroscience.

 

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