A picture of a building following an earthquake.geophysicists powerful supershear earthquakes, previously thought to be rare, are significantly more common than previously believed. The study was recently published in the journalThe researchers examined all 6.7-or-greater magnitude strike-slip earthquakes globally since 2000, identifying 12 of the supershear type, or around 14%.
As a consequence, compared to other earthquakes of the same size, supershear earthquakes tend to generate greater shaking and can be more destructive. The findings suggest that disaster planning efforts should take into consideration whether nearby faults are capable of producing supershear earthquakes and if so, take measures to prepare for a higher level of shaking and potential damage than could be caused by non-supershear earthquakes.
The scientists used a method called backprojection to determine the direction in which seismic waves arrived to infer how fast an earthquake moves along the fault. The technique applies an algorithm to analyze brief time delays between seismic waves as they’re detected by a group of sensors. The method is similar to how one can locate a person by tracking the signals their smartphone sends to cell towers.
In the past century, at least one large supershear earthquake has occurred in California: In 1979, a 6.5-magnitude quake in Southern California’s Imperial Valley region injured people as far away as Mexico and caused extensive damage to irrigation systems. And, although it predated scientific monitoring, the 1906 earthquake that caused extensive damage in San Francisco likely also fell into the supershear category.
Source: Education Headlines (educationheadlines.net)
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