This rare blue diamond is practically a miracle of nature

. When a tectonic plate in the ocean naturally collides with a continental one and slides underneath it, boron gets driven deeper down into the transition zone. The traces get buried over time, and can eventually end up in a diamond.George HarlowThe gem is currently on loan to the American Museum of Natural History from the government of Botswana. Photo: D. Finnin/©AMNH

Scientists have only learned about subduction in the past 50 years, Harlow says, so this theoretical idea behind the Okavango Blue’s formation further builds on our early understanding of a major planetary process. Still, the exact reason for the diamond’s chemical composition eludes mineralogists. “We don’t really understand why the nitrogen is so low,” says Harlow. Diamonds with higher amounts of nitrogen take on a yellowish color, so the near-flawless Okavango is a whopper of a find.

Until the industry comes up with a more apt term for such a stellar gem, “fancy” will have to do for the Okavango Blue.

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