Short laser pulses help scientists achieve proton acceleration record

The laser-based proton accelerator allows proton energies to be doubled to 150 MeV and researchers are now aiming for 200 MeV.Researchers at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf in Germany have used a novel approach to deliver proton acceleration rates normally only possible at large facilities with larger lasers.

Laser-based plasma acceleration is a promising technology that can deliver similar or even better results using a compact system. By using lasers to move particles instead of powerful radio waves, the setup deliversIn this approach, scientists use extremely short but high-intensity laser pulses and aim them at wafer-thin foils. The light from the lasers heats the material so much that electrons bounce off their orbits even as nuclei stay in their place.

This field is strong enough to move proton pulses to energy levels over a distance of just a few micrometers, compared to significantly longer distances in a conventional accelerator. The technology is still in its infancy, but proton energies of 100 MeV have been achieved using large laser systems.

When a laser hits a plastic foil in a vacuum chamber, it expands the foil, making it thinner and hotter before it eventually melts. However, this has a positive impact on the primary pulse since instead of reflecting the light, the foil becomes transparent, allowing the pulse to penetrate into the material more deeply than before.

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