While human-caused carbon dioxide emissions are by far the most important driver of climate change, water vapor is actually the most abundant greenhouse gas, and is responsible for about half of Earth'sNow, as scientists explore ways to address the impacts of climate change by removing excess heat-trapping carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and by reflecting sunshine back into space, one group of researchers has asked the question: Could removing some water vapor from the atmosphere also...
If such seeds can be introduced into supersaturated air masses that are headed for the stratosphere, then some of the water vapor in that air will condense into ice and fall, thereby removing excess water vapor and dehydrating the stratosphere. The WCP is cold enough that it will naturally freeze-dry humid air by forming and raining out ice crystals. The problem goes back to the issue mentioned above – that pure water vapor doesn't readily form ice crystals – and the air in the WCP has few available ice nuclei. Without ice nuclei, the relative humidity of the air with respect to ice has to be near 200% to spontaneously form ice crystals.
In their study, the researchers used a computer model to simulate the conditions of the WCP, driven by observations of temperature and motions of the tropical air near the stratosphere. This showed that the concept of ISD was effective in theory.mission. The ATTREX mission, based out of Guam, employed NASA's Global Hawk uncrewed aircraft to study the tropical tropopause and WCP region above the tropical Pacific.
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