The convention divides psychoactive drugs into four different schedules, according to their touted toxicity and potential for abuse. Psilocybin was inscribed in Schedule I, the highest level of control, reserved for dangerous drugs with no therapeutic value, which pose an especially serious risk to public health.
This means that all over the world, psilocybin can only be used in very specific scientific and medical contexts, and is subject to highly strict regulation. Enzo Tagliazucchi is a physicist and neuroscientist researching the effects of psychedelics in the human brain. His lab at University of Buenos Aires in Argentina performs basic neuroimaging studies on volunteers under the effects of psilocybin or LSD. However, the lab has yet been unable to receive legal authorization from the country’s health authority to legally provide psilocybin to patients, due to its Schedule 1 status.
Mind Medicine Australia, an Australian charity working to expand access to psychedelic medicines is part of the coalition behind the rescheduling initiative, alongside The Beckley Foundation, the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies and other institutions from The Netherlands, Mexico and Sweden.by the Australian government.
These countries were chosen for their previous approach to medicinal cannabis legislation, their general approach to drug policy reform, their funding of mental health treatment services and whether or not they host psychedelic research within their borders. But the WHO can also initiate a review independently. That’s the second possible pathway for the initiative to succeed.Lastly, any of the members of the Expert Committee on Drug Dependance can initiate a pre-review that can eventually lead to a review if the evidence is backing.
In December 2020, the Commission on Narcotic Drugs accepted the recommendation and changed the drug’s scheduled status.
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