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Never-before-seen cells unveiled in detailed map of developing human heart

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Clarissa Brincat is a freelance writer specializing in health and medical research. After completing an MSc in chemistry, she realized she would rather write about science than do it. She learned how to edit scientific papers in a stint as a chemistry copyeditor, before moving on to a medical writer role at a healthcare company.

The atlas includes 75 types of heart cells, including cell types in the heart's valves and the muscles that fuel its beats that have never been seen before. It shows how these and other cells organize to form the different internal structures of the heart in the womb. The research, which was released Wednesday in the journal Nature, also reveals how the different cells interact during heart development.

The other technique used in this study is called"multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization," or MERFISH for short. It was introduced in 2019 by Quan Zhu, associate director of UCSD's Center for Epigenomics and a co-senior author of the new paper. This method allows researchers to detect and quantify RNA transcripts — the copied blueprints — of hundreds of genes in each cell while recording the anatomical location of the cell in an organ.

In addition to analyzing whole hearts, the team conducted genetic mouse studies and laboratory tests with human stem cells. These demonstrated how different types of cells communicate with each other to drive the development of the heart's internal structures.

 

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