Scientists have traditionally measured sea level using tide gages along the coast, NASA project scientist Josh Willis said in a video.
"Those are great records. Some of them go back more than a hundred years, so they give us a historical perspective. But they're only at those single points, and the oceans cover more than two-thirds of the planet’s surface," he said."So if you want to see the whole thing, you have to do it from the bird’s eye view."
The Sentinel 6-Michael Freilich – nearly 17 feet long and 2,628 pounds – uses its positioning systems to measure sea level, Willis said. "This thing has a radar that tells us how far away the satellite is from the ocean's surface, so it bounces off and measures the return time," he said."And then it also has a bunch of positioning systems. So if you know where the satellite is, and you know how far away it is from the water, then you can use both of those pieces of information to tell you how tall the ocean is.
The satellite will orbit 830 miles above Earth, and make approximately 13 orbits a day, moving at 4.5 miles per second, according to NASA.
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