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How Salmonella grow together in the gut and exchange antibiotic resistance

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The ability to utilize a mere single alternative food source is all it takes for diarrhea-causing Salmonella bacteria to bloom when a gut is already colonized by a closely related strain, according to researchers from ETH Zurich. This coexistence enables the exchange of antibiotic resistance.

. These communities provide essential functions to their host, including resistance to pathogenic bacteria.

This presents a puzzling question for the researchers: how can closely related bacterial populations with similar nutrient needs coexist in the gut and even exchange information? Can this be predicted from the bacterial genomes? This behavior reveals a metabolic strategy used by these bacteria to avoid competition and expand in a pre-occupied gut, and thereby enables the exchange of critical information between these microorganisms, including antibiotic survival mechanisms.

Consequently, our diet can unintentionally promote the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes by providing nutrient sources that selectively favor the growth of particular bacterial populations.The findings also have implications for the friendlyin our guts since they might use the same colonization strategy.

 

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