In 1915, Albert Einstein published his pioneering theory of general relativity which beautifully describes the nature of gravity and its effect on large objects in space. Since then, this work has formed the bedrock of scientists' understanding of our universe.
"Chameleon theory is a class of gravity theories alternative to Einstein's general relativity," Baojiu Li, a co-lead author of the paper from Durham's Institute for Computational Cosmology toldbecause it is different from the other four types of fundamental interactions." "What we have found is that realistic galaxies like our Milky Way can form, with properties as observed, even with the complicated behaviour of the fifth force—this is by no means guaranteed," Li said."It also shows that chameleon theory can make certain distinct predictions on the evolution of the large-scale structures in the universe from GR."
"Therefore, one has to assume that there are other—so far undetected—materials present in the universe which speeds up its expansion rate," Li said."A so-called cosmological constant is one of the simplest possibilities, but its origin and value have proven to be difficult to explain, which motivates other, alternative, explanations, such as dark energy."
The researchers stress that their results don't prove that general relativity is necessarily wrong, just that it doesn't have to be the only way to explain gravity's role in the universe's evolution.
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