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Diverse headgear in hoofed mammals evolved from common ancestor

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Evolutionary Biology News

Nature,Fish,Evolution

From the small ossicones on a giraffe to the gigantic antlers of a male moose -- which can grow as wide as a car -- the headgear of ruminant hooved mammals is extremely diverse, and new research suggests that despite the physical differences, fundamental aspects of these bony adaptations likely evolved from a common ancestor.

This finding is published today in the journalby researchers from the American Museum of Natural History and Baruch College and the CUNY Graduate Center.

As a comparative biology Ph.D. student in the Museum's Richard Gilder Graduate School, Calamari began investigating this question using genomic and computer-based 3D shape analysis. Working with the Museum's Frick Curator of Fossil Mammals John Flynn, Calamari focused on sequencing transcriptomes, the genes expressed in a tissue at a specific time, for headgear.

"In addition to gene expression patterns that support a single origin of horns and antlers, our results also show the regulation of gene expression patterns in these structures may differ from other bones," Calamari said."These results help us understand the evolutionary history of horns and antlers and could suggest that differences in other ruminant cranial appendages, like ossicones and pronghorns, are also elaborations on a shared ancestral cranial appendage.

Nature Fish Evolution Early Mammals Early Humans

 

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