Decoding HIV’s Defenses: Innovative Vaccine Strategy Shows Promise

Transmission electron micrograph of HIV-1 virus particles budding and replicating from a segment of a chronically infected H9 cell . Particles are in various stages of maturity; arc/semi-circles are immature particles that have started to form but are still part of the cell. Immature particles slowly change morphology into mature forms and exhibit the classic “conical or spherical-shaped core.” Image captured at the NIAID Integrated Research Facility in Fort Detrick, Maryland.

The 10E8 bNAb binds to a conserved region of the glycoprotein gp41 on HIV’s surface involved in its entry into human immune cells. Designing an immunogen—a molecule used in a vaccine that elicits a specific immune system response—to stimulate the production of 10E8 bNAbs has been challenging because that key region of gp41 is hidden in a recessed crevice on HIV’s surface. Prior vaccine immunogens have not generated bNAbs with the physical structure to reach and bind to gp41.

Finally, their laboratory analysis of human blood samples found that 10E8-class bNAb precursors occurred naturally in people without HIV, and that their immunogens bound to and isolated naïve human B cells with 10E8-like features. Together these observations suggest that the promising immunization data from mice and macaques has the potential for translation to humans.

Reference: “Vaccination induces broadly neutralizing antibody precursors to HIV gp41” by Torben Schiffner, Ivy Phung, Rashmi Ray, Adriana Irimia, Ming Tian, Olivia Swanson, Jeong Hyun Lee, Chang-Chun D. Lee, Ester Marina-Zárate, So Yeon Cho, Jiachen Huang, Gabriel Ozorowski, Patrick D. Skog, Andreia M. Serra, Kimmo Rantalainen, Joel D. Allen, Sabyasachi Baboo, Oscar L. Rodriguez, Sunny Himansu, Jianfu Zhou, Jonathan Hurtado, Claudia T.

Source: Tech Daily Report (techdailyreport.net)

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