Cryogenic Electron Microscopy Reveals New Insights Into Centromere Structure

Cryo EM structure of the CENP-A nucleosome complex with KNL2. Credit: Jiang et al., EMBO J., 2023

The genetic material inside cells is organized into structures called chromosomes. The centromere is essential for the correct division of the chromosomes via interaction with spindle microtubules when cells divide and grow. Now, a study by researchers at Osaka University has clarified the structure of the centromeric region in chicken cells using a technique known as cryogenic electron microscopy .

KNL2 binds to the CENP-A nucleosome during interphase and it contributes to new CENP-A deposition into centromeres via HJURP and the Mis18 complex. Credit: Original content by Tatsuo Fukagawais condensed into chromosomes, it is coiled around a core made of proteins called histones to form a structure known as a nucleosome. The nucleosomes in the centromeric region contain a variant histone protein called CENP-A, which specifies the location of the centromere.

CENP-C excludes KNL2 from the CENP-A-KNL2 complex during mitosis. Credit: Original content by Tatsuo Fukagawa

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