Two of the sampled vessels were inscribed: one with the name of the god Imseti, who protects the liver, and the other with the god Duamutef, who protects the stomach. One of these vessels contained a mixture of oil or tar of juniper/cypress and elemi, whereas the other contained only heated beeswax .
Another bowl was inscribed with the title of an administrator of the embalming workshop and the necropolis—the seal bearer—who carried out specific embalming procedures, related mainly to the treatment of the head . This vessel yielded fat or oil and oil or tar of juniper/cypress, which is identical to mixture D, for treating linen bandages and which could have been used to wrap the head.The embalmers of the workshop also provided additional services, including the burial of the deceased in communal burial spaces. We analysed four vessels from two communal burial chambers to evaluate similarities and differences among the substances used during burial.
One bowl from location 4 was used multiple times and for different substances. A visible black residue lining its surface was identified as a pure heatedresin. However, the ceramic sample taken from its inner wall showed markers of oils or tars of cedar and juniper/cypress, bitumen and dammar mixed with beeswax and/or animal fat.
With the exception of the dammar and bitumen, all the substances detected in the vessels recovered from the burial chambers matched those identified in the embalming workshop.
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