AP Explains: The causes and risks of the Amazon fires

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EXPLAINED: The causes and risks of the Amazon fires

1 / 11Brazil Amazon FiresVirgin jungle stands next to an area that was burnt recently near Porto Velho, Brazil, Friday, Aug. 23, 2019. Brazilian state experts have reported a record of nearly 77,000 wildfires across the country so far this year, up 85% over the same period in 2018. Brazil contains about 60% of the Amazon rainforest, whose degradation could have severe consequences for global climate and rainfall.

Meanwhile, large fires also have been burning in neighboring countries such as Bolivia, Paraguay and Argentina.Paulo Moutinho, co-founder of the Amazon Environmental Research Institute, said this week that"it is very difficult to have natural fires in the Amazon; it happens but the majority come from the hand of humans."

Trees store carbon absorbed from the atmosphere, and the Amazon each year takes in as much as 2 billion tons of carbon dioxide — a greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. "With each hectare burned we could be losing a plant or animal species that we didn't even know about," said Andre Guimaraes, director of the Amazon Environmental Research Institute.Climate scientist Carlos Nobre of the University of Sao Paulo and Thomas Lovejoy, an environmental scientist at George Mason University, have estimated that the"tipping point for the Amazon system" is 20% to 25% deforestation.

 

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