The Sliding Window pattern is used to perform a required operation on a specific window size of a given array or linked list, such as finding the longest subarray containing all 1s. Sliding Windows start from the 1st element and keep shifting right by one element and adjust the length of the window according to the problem that you are solving. In some cases, the window size remains constant and in other cases the sizes grows or shrinks.
There are some cases where you shouldn’t use the Two Pointer approach such as in a singly linked list where you can’t move in a backwards direction. An example of when to use the Fast and Slow pattern is when you’re trying to determine if a linked list is a palindrome.Cycle in a Circular Array The Merge Intervals pattern is an efficient technique to deal with overlapping intervals.
This pattern reverses one node at a time starting with one variable pointing to the head of the linked list, and one variable will point to the previous node that you have processed. In a lock-step manner, you will reverse the current node by pointing it to the previous before moving on to the next node. Also, you will update the variable “previous” to always point to the previous node that you have processed.
Decide whether to process the current node now , or between processing two children or after processing both children .How to identify the Tree DFS pattern:If the problem requires searching for something where the node is closer to a leafIn many problems, we are given a set of elements such that we can divide them into two parts. To solve the problem, we are interested in knowing the smallest element in one part and the biggest element in the other part.
The best data structure to keep track of ‘K’ elements is Heap. This pattern will make use of the Heap to solve multiple problems dealing with ‘K’ elements at a time from a set of given elements. The pattern looks like this:Iterate through the remaining numbers and if you find one that is larger than what you have in the heap, then remove that number and insert the larger one.How to identify the Top ‘K’ Elements pattern:If you’re asked to sort an array to find an exact element13.
This pattern defines an easy way to understand the technique for performing topological sorting of a set of elements.a) Store the graph in adjacency lists by using a HashMap
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