The Apple Lisa was the home computer that introduced a graphical user interface to the masses. Without this pivotal step in computing, we might've seen a very different desktop emerge. Maybe we wouldn't have seen a desktop at all. The whole concept of windows, files, folders, and navigating them via a mouse input was something the Lisa brought to bear for average computer users, at a $50 million R&D expense to Apple.
Admittedly, Apple wasn't the first to integrate a GUI into a functional machine. That was Xerox's breakthrough to claim, and it first made an appearance as the Xerox Star operating system and accompanying computers. However, it was Apple's machine that brought this concept to the public eye in amore affordable machine.
But even with these high-end features, Apple couldn't sell enough of the Lisa to make it commercially viable. Just a year after the Lisa's release, Apple's top brass decided to lower the cost of entry with a reengineered machine that cut the RAM in half and replaced its Twiggy drives with Sony's reliable floppy disc drive to increase the appeal. The new Lisa 2 sold for $3,495. But even it wouldn't really matter in the long-run.
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