By Suchandrima BhowmikJul 20 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 , continues to threaten human health and public safety worldwide.
One such approach is to use niclosamide which is known to possess broad-spectrum antiviral activity. A 2021 study reported that NIC was capable of inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 proliferation through autophagy. However, NIC has low aqueous solubility, which could trouble the systemic absorption of orally administered NIC. This challenge can be overcome by chemical modification of NIC that could increase its solubility or a drug repurposing technology with pharmaceutically inert substances.
Fourier transforms infrared spectra were used to characterize NIC-MgO-HPMC, NIC-MgO, and NIC. PK study was carried out in golden Syrian hamsters, followed by quantification of NIC using hamster plasma. An antiviral efficacy study was carried out by administering 20, 40, and 80mg/kg of NIC-MgO-HPMC and NIC treatment to different hamsters. RT-PCR was done for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA.
Furthermore, UV analysis indicated strong hydrogen bonding between MgO and NIC and breakage of the characteristic NIC π-π stacks. Similar bands were also observed in the case of NIC-MgO-HPMC. Higher drug release was observed in the case of NIC-MgO-HPMCin pH 6.8 as compared to pH 1.2. The drug release of the intact NIC and a commercial NIC, Yomesan was significantly low at pH 6.8.
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