Study finds no fetal growth benefits from LPG cooking in resource-limited settings

By Pooja Toshniwal PahariaMay 5 2024Reviewed by Benedette Cuffari, M.Sc. In a recent study published in The Lancet Global Health , researchers investigate whether using liquefied petroleum gas to limit human exposure to home air pollution during pregnancy affects fetal growth.

Air pollution can cause unfavorable pregnancy outcomes such as preterm birth, fetal growth restriction, stillbirth, and low birth weight. These challenges are especially prominent in low- and middle-income countries , where preterm delivery and fetal growth restriction are primary concerns. Interventions targeting major risk factors may prevent preterm labor and intrauterine growth restriction, thereby improving the health outcomes of pregnant women and their newborns in LMICs.

The primary outcomes included birthweight, childhood stunting at 12 months, the incidence of severe pneumonia in the first year of life, and blood pressure in older adult women. Fetal growth was a predetermined secondary outcome. Related StoriesMultivariate linear regression analysis using post-randomization Z scores was utilized as the outcome, with trial group assignment as the primary covariate, adjusting for randomization strata. Certain variables, including maternal age, nulliparity, minimal diet variety, maternal education, maternal hemoglobin, and second-hand smoke exposure, were also considered in the final analysis.

The LPG group had higher adherence and lower mean exposure to particulate matter of 2.5 microns or less as compared to controls at 35 µg/m³ and 103 µg/m³, respectively. The intervention and control groups did not exhibit significant differences in the mean post-randomization Z scorings for fetal head and abdomen circumference measurements, femoral length, and predicted fetal weight at birth. Personal household air pollution exposure did not correlate with fetal growth.

Birth Weight Disability Global Health Labor Pollution Pregnancy Prenatal Stillbirth Ultrasound

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