Study describes the dynamics of immune responses to triple COVID-19 vaccination

By Dr. Sanchari Sinha Dutta, Ph.D.Sep 23 2022Reviewed by Aimee Molineux The effectiveness of the three-dose coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and its variants has been described in detail in a recent study. The study report is currently available on the bioRxiv* preprint server.

In the current study, scientists have provided a detailed overview of the humoral and cellular responses induced by three-dose homologous or heterologous COVID-19 vaccination in infection-naïve healthy individuals. Regarding IgA-specific anti-spike antibodies, a significantly increased level was observed in the blood after the second and third vaccination. However, the antibody levels varied considerably among participants.

Cellular immune response induced by COVID-19 vaccination A high individual variability in the absolute number of B and T cell subsets was observed among recipients of COVID-19 vaccination. Notably, the development of spike-specific memory T cells was observed after consecutive COVID-19 vaccinations.

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Pulmonary Dysfunction after Pediatric COVID-19Background Long COVID occurs in lower frequency in children and adolescents than in adults. Morphologic and free-breathing phase-resolved functional low-field MRI may identify persistent pulmonary manifestations after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Purpose To characterize both morphologic and functional changes of lung parenchyma on low-field MRI in children and adolescents with post COVID-19 compared with healthy controls. Materials and Methods Between August and December 2021, a cross-sectional, prospective clinical trial using low-field MRI was performed in children and adolescents from a single academic medical center. The primary outcome was the frequency of morphologic changes on MRI. Secondary outcomes included MRI-derived functional proton ventilation and perfusion parameters. Clinical symptoms, the duration from positive RT-PCR test and serological parameters were compared with imaging results. Nonparametric tests for pairwise and corrected tests for groupwise comparisons were applied to assess differences in healthy controls, recovered participants and with long COVID. Results A total of 54 participants post COVID-19 infection (mean age, 11 years ±3 [SD], 56 males) and 9 healthy controls (mean age, 10 years ±3 [SD], 70 males) were included: 29 (54%) in the COVID-19 group had recovered from infection and 25 (46%) were classified as having long COVID on the day of enrollment. Morphologic abnormality was identified in one recovered participant. Both ventilated and perfused lung parenchyma (V/Q match) was reduced from 81±6.1% in healthy controls to 62±19% (P=.006) in the recovered group and 60±20% (P=.003) in the long COVID group. V/Q match was lower in post COVID patients with infection less than 180 days (63±20%, P=.03), 180 to 360 days (63±18%, P=0.03) and 360 days ago (41±12%, P|.001) as compared with the never-infected healthy controls (81±6.1%). Conclusion Low-field MRI showed persistent pulmonary dysfunction in both children and adolescents recovered from COVID- physorg_com RSNA Edhar aaiyon Chaman chutiyon 😂🤣🤭Aag dekh Chaman chutiye 🤔🧐🦅🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥😀😯 physorg_com RSNA I also had it. I got some calcium deposit scars left in my lungs. physorg_com RSNA ...now do just the vaccinated with no prior infection. A Spike protein is a Spike protein, whether inhaled or injected.
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Proteomics of fibrin amyloid microclots in long COVID/post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) shows many entrapped pro-inflammatory molecules that may also contribute to a failed fibrinolytic system - Cardiovascular DiabetologyBackground Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), also now known as long COVID, has become a major global health and economic burden. Previously, we provided evidence that there is a significant insoluble fibrin amyloid microclot load in the circulation of individuals with long COVID, and that these microclots entrap a substantial number of inflammatory molecules, including those that might prevent clot breakdown. Scientifically, the most challenging aspect of this debilitating condition is that traditional pathology tests such as a serum CRP (C-reactive protein) may not show any significant abnormal inflammatory markers, albeit these tests measure only the soluble inflammatory molecules. Elevated, or abnormal soluble biomarkers such as IL-6, D-Dimer or fibrinogen indicate an increased risk for thrombosis or a host immune response in COVID-19. The absence of biomarkers in standard pathology tests, result in a significant amount of confusion for patients and clinicians, as patients are extremely sick or even bed-ridden but with no regular identifiable reason for their disease. Biomarkers that are currently available cannot detect the molecules present in the microclots we identified and are therefore unable to confirm their presence or the mechanisms that drive their formation. Methods Here we analysed the protein content of double-digested microclots of 99 long COVID patients and 29 healthy controls. The patients suffering from long COVID reported their symptoms through a questionnaire completed by themselves or their attending physician. Results Our long COVID cohort’s symptoms were found to be in line with global findings, where the most prevalent symptoms were constant fatigue (74%,) cognitive impairment (71%) and depression and anxiety (30%). Our most noteworthy findings were a reduced level of plasma Kallikrein compared to our controls, an increased level of platelet factor 4 (PF4) von Willebrand factor (VWF), and a marginally increased level of α-2 antiplasmi
Source: BioMedCentral - 🏆 22. / 71 Read more »

Vaccination drives superior functional antibody breadth compared to natural infection with SARS-CoV-2Vaccination drives superior functional antibody breadth compared to natural infection with SARS-CoV-2 medrxivpreprint dartmouth HopkinsMedicine ULBruxelles vaccination infection antibody antibodies SARSCoV2 COVID19 coronavirus covid
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Over-65s urged to get Covid booster as 18,000 jabs delivered so farPeople aged 65 and over are being urged to book their Covid-19 autumn booster.
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Study explores the effect of age-associated B cells on COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunityIn a new study, a team of researchers explored the effect of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)-induced expansion of age-associated B cells (ABCs) on COVID-19 vaccine-derived humoral immunity in patients with cancer and inborn errors of immunity (IEI).
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