Apr 23 2024Frontiers
We found that that sex-neutral criteria fail to diagnose women adequately. If sex-specific criteria were used, this underdiagnosis would be less severe. We also found the best exam to improve detection of cardiovascular disease in both men and women is the electrocardiogram ." Underdiagnosis due to heart differences Anatomically, female and male hearts are different. For example, female hearts are smaller and have thinner walls.
Old vs new To achieve more accurate predictions for both sexes, the scientists leveraged four additional metrics that are not considered in the Framingham Risk Score: cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, pulse wave analysis, EKGs, and carotid ultrasounds. They used data from more than 20,000 individuals in the UK Biobank – a biomedical database comprising information from approximately half a million UK individuals aged 40 and older – who had undergone these tests.
Using machine learning, the researchers determined that of the tested metrics, EKGs were most effective at improving the detection of cardiovascular disease in both men and women. This, however, does not mean that traditional risk factors are not important tools for risk assessment, the researchers said. "We propose that clinicians first screen people using a simple survey with traditional risk factors, and then do a second stage screening using EKGs for higher risk patients.
Heart Disease Machine Learning Blood Blood Pressure Cardiovascular Disease Cholesterol Medicine Physiology Research UK Biobank
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