GLP-1 receptor agonists effective for weight loss in obesity without diabetes

By Priyanjana Pramanik, MSc.May 29 2024Reviewed by Lily Ramsey, LLM In a recent study published in eClinical Medicine , researchers investigated the benefit-harm balance of initiating Glucagon -like Peptide-1 receptor agonists versus a placebo intervention for weight loss among people living with obesity and overweight without diabetes.

Background GLP-1 RAs were initially approved to improve metabolic control in diabetes patients. Still, recent randomized control trials have shown their efficacy in weight reduction for non-diabetic adults, leading to approvals of drugs like semaglutide and liraglutide for weight management. The study compared liraglutide, semaglutide, and tirzepatide against a placebo, with all participants receiving lifestyle counseling to maintain a daily calorie deficit and engage in regular physical activity.

Preference weights were applied to adjust the benefit-harm balance, reflecting the relative importance of outcomes. Sensitivity analyses tested the robustness of results by varying assumptions about harm rates and preferences. GLP-1 RAs significantly increased the likelihood of achieving ≥5% and ≥10% weight loss compared to placebo, with relative risks of 2.51 and 4.11, respectively. Semaglutide had the highest efficacy for ≥10% weight loss , followed by tirzepatide and liraglutide .

The benefit-harm analysis showed a net benefit for achieving ≥10% weight loss over two years with GLP-1 RAs, particularly for semaglutide, which had a net benefit of 208 per 1000 people.

GLP-1 Obesity Receptor Weight Loss Alopecia Drugs Efficacy Glucagon Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Medicine Placebo Semaglutide

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