Ethiopia’s 43-year old prime minister, Abiy Ahmed – Africa’s youngest leader – received the $900,000 Nobel Peace Prize in Oslo on 10 November, becoming the 13th African and 100th awardee to obtain the prize since 1901. He joins Egypt’s Anwar Sadat, South Africa’s F.W. de Klerk, and Liberia’s Ellen Johnson Sirleaf as the fourth sitting African leader – and second Eastern African after Kenya’s Wangari Maathai – to be ennobled.
Abiy was born of a Muslim Oromo father and a Christian Amhara mother, inculcating in him an innate understanding of cultural diversity. Being from the largest Ethiopian group, the Oromo, has helped to dissipate some of the grievances of a people that have long felt marginalised. He is married to an Amhara woman and speaks Oromo, Amharic, and Tigrinya. Abiy joined the Ethiopian rebel resistance to the dreaded Derg regime of Marxist dictator, Mengistu Haile Mariam, at the age of 15 in 1991.
But despite some successes, Ethiopia’s premier has a long way to go to achieve domestic and regional stability. Even the peace deal with Eritrea – the main initiative for which he won the Nobel prize – is threatened by the fact that his promised return of the border town of Badme to Asmara depends on the Tigray-dominated military to implement. Having sacrificed so much blood to win the territory, it is unclear Tigrayan generals will cooperate.
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