What is Palestinian Islamic Jihad and what is its relationship with Hamas?

The Islamic Jihad movement in Palestine , or Palestinian Islamic Jihad as it is more often known, is the second largest armed group in Gaza. It is considered one of the most extreme and uncompromising Palestinian armed factions and operates on the West Bank too. Last week, PIJ were also reported to have attacked Israel from.

PIJ has its own stock of rockets and mortars, and a month ago its military wing, the al-Quds Brigades, could probably have fielded several hundred fighters, analysts believe. Quite how many remain alive after PIJ committed a substantial proportion of these forces to the 7 October attacks, and after 10 days of Israeli bombardment of Gaza, is unclear.

Members of Palestine Islamic Jihad carry signs bearing the face of Fathi Abd al-Aziz al-Shikaki, the group’s founder, during a march in Gaza on 4 October.PIJ was founded in 1981 by Fathi Abd al-Aziz al-Shikaki as part of a new wave of radicalisation sweeping across the Middle East. Its early leaders were inspired by extremistthinkers and activists in Egypt in the late 1960s, violent activism there in the 1970s and then by the Iranian revolution in 1979.

In its early years, PIJ attracted disaffected members of the more secular, leftist groups that previously had dominated the Palestinian nationalist “armed struggle”, as well as former members of the Muslim Brotherhood who believed the fight against Israel should be a priority for the movement. In recent years, educated young men inPIJ rapidly adopted the relatively new tactic of suicide bombing, launching a series of such attacks against Israeli military and civilian targets.

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