Understanding the current war between Israel and Hamas in Gaza requires context and history. These charts aim to show changes in the region that have occurred over time to put some of the events in perspective.
The data was collected from a number of sources, including the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs ; Peace Now, an Israel based non-governmental organisation that tracks settlements; and B’Tselem, another Israeli-based organisation that tracks human rights violations allegedly committed by Israel in the Palestinian territories.
The Oslo II Accords divided the West Bank into parcels that were controlled by Israel, the Palestinian Authority or a joint operation. Initially, Oslo II was designed to provide a framework to hand over territory in the West Bank and Gaza to the government of an eventual Palestinian state. Settlement has made this eventuality near impossible.
Area C, in green, is the Israeli-controlled sector. Israeli settlements are mostly built in these areas. Israel’s 2004 disengagement policy was a plan to remove Israeli troops and settlements from Gaza. Prior to the policy, there were 21 civilian settlements in Gaza, with around 8,500 Israelis. Also, the expansion of the buffer zone at the Rafah crossing from 2000 resulted in the destruction of a third of the refugee camp there and 16,000 Palestinians being internally displaced.
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