Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) Argonne National Laboratory are studying a phenomenon called self-discharge, which causes performance loss in lithium-ion batteries over time. By understanding this process, researchers hope to extend the lifespan of these crucial batteries used in electric vehicles.
From left: Physicist Zhan Zhang, Postdoc Jiyu Cai, Senior Chemist Zonghai Chen and Physicist and Group Leader Shelly Kelly working on the experimental table for X-ray measurements at the recently upgraded 25-ID beamline at the APS.
Specifically, scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy’s Argonne National Laboratory are collaborating with other U.S. laboratories and academic institutions to study a phenomenon called self-discharge. This is a series of chemical reactions in the battery that causes performance loss over time, shortening the battery’s lifespan.
During self-discharge, the charged lithium-ion battery loses stored energy even when not in use. For example, an EV that sits for a month or more may not run due to low battery voltage and charge. While scientists are making significant progress in understanding lithium-ion batteries, there is an ongoing debate on what causes the self-discharge phenomenon.
Scientists say they could not have validated their findings without access to the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne, one of the world’s premier storage-ring-based high-energy X-ray light source facilities. The APS is a DOE Office of Science user facility. The light sources use electrons circling in a storage ring at near the speed of light to produce X-ray beams that allow scientists to unveil the battery’s inner workings at an atomic level.
Lithium-Ion Batteries Electric Vehicles Battery Degradation Self-Discharge Argonne National Laboratory
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