What is the 'One China' policy?

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The 'One China' policy is the diplomatic acknowledgement of China's position that there is only one Chinese government. It's distinct from the One China principle, whereby China insists Taiwan is an inalienable part of one China to be reunified one day.

Flag bearer Rong Jing of China leads the team entering the stadium during the Opening Ceremony of the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games at Maracana Stadium on 7 September 2016 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

The One China policy is a key cornerstone of Sino-US relations. It is also a fundamental bedrock of Chinese policy-making and diplomacy. However, it is distinct from the One China principle, whereby China insists Taiwan is an inalienable part of one China to be reunified one day. The policy can be traced back to 1949 and the end of the Chinese civil war. The defeated Nationalists, also known as the Kuomintang, retreated to Taiwan and made it their seat of government while the victorious Communists began ruling the mainland as the People's Republic of China. Both sides said they represented all of China.

Taiwan is not recognised as an independent country by much of the world nor even the United Nations. It undergoes extraordinary naming contortions just to participate in events and institutions like the Olympic Games and the World Trade Organization.Taiwan's President Tsai Ing-wen spoke to Mr Trump in early December 2016, breaking decades of US diplomatic protocol

 

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