PITTSBURGH, Pennsylvania: Demand for life-saving organ transplantation is at an all-time high. In 2021, a record 41,000-plus organ transplants were performed in the United States, with top numbers for kidney, liver and heart transplants.Currently, over 100,000 people are on the transplant wait list in the US, and many more are unable to get on the list because of strict eligibility requirements and racial disparities in access.
In the 1960s, kidney transplantation was not broadly practiced because of a lack of donor organs. Ethical and legal concerns made it difficult to obtain live donors, and organs collected from deceased donors did not meet much success. He’s most known for his liver transplants, with three attempts using chimpanzee livers from 1966 to 1974 that lasted from 24 hours to less than 14 days. In the early 1990s, his two baboon liver transplants lasted for 26 and 70 days. While one of the baboon livers functioned well, the patient ultimately died from overwhelming infection.Doctors have also made attempts to transplant animal hearts, the first of which predated the first human-to-human heart transplant.
Among the most problematic are differences in immunity, inflammation and blood clotting that damage both the transplanted organs and the host’s body.
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