Commentary: Conscription is pushing many in Myanmar to choose sides

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Myanmar’s military regime is seeking to revive a policy of conscription. Instead of bolstering national solidarity, activating the law will undermine it, say two ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute researchers.

Military officers march during a parade to commemorate Myanmar's 78th Armed Forces Day in Naypyitaw, Myanmar, on Mar 27, 2023. The SAC’s intent to start recruiting by April after the Thingyan New Year holiday has caused widespread concern and panic over the prospect of forced conscription, with unprecedented queues at embassies in Yangon and at passport offices.

Faced with the choice of forced military service or the uncertainties of seeking refuge elsewhere, many young men have opted to join People’s Defence Force groups, which welcomed volunteers following the SAC’s announcement. The law allows temporary deferments and permanent exemptions. However, those deferring would still have to serve the required term in full.

There are historical precedents for the authorities pressing civilians into ancillary roles in the military. This is the key reason why the update of the 2010 Military Service Law has triggered much concern. Introduced before the military’s shift to a quasi-civilian administration, the 2010 law improved upon the 1959 version by clarifying and simplifying eligibility criteria and terms of service. However, several vague clauses retain significant discretion for the military, including whether Islamic clergy are included in the exemptions for members of religious orders.

 

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