What is dengue, and why is it so widespread this year?

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Dubbed “breakbone fever,” dengue is one of the world’s leading mosquito-borne illnesses and infects tens of millions across the globe annually.

MEDICAL CARE A child who contracted dengue fever recuperates at a hospital in Ozamiz City. INQUIRER file photo / ERWIN MASCARIÑAS

The mosquitoes pick up the virus from infected humans — even asymptomatic ones — and pass it along to other people through bites. A massive boom in international travel and trade has also expanded dengue’s footprint, allowing the virus to be carried across the globe in a matter of hours and unleashed in new communities.

Contracting one of dengue’s four strains gives immunity only to that particular one — which is why adults in endemic areas are often safe because they’ve likely had it before. The disease is cyclical — dramatic outbreaks occur every few years — but climate change is believed to have contributed to a spike in cases in 2019, with July clocked as the warmest on record.

A controversial vaccine developed by French pharmaceutical firm Sanofi Pasteur has been greenlit for use in 21 countries and the European Union — but it’s far from perfect.

 

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