Handling diabetes in children

Studies show that the estimated global population of children aged zero to 14 years of age was 1.9 billion in 2017, out of which 586,000 children are diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, with an estimated 79.000 new cases diagnosed each year. It is said that worldwide, the prevalence among the youths is estimated to triple in 2050.

However, children have a higher risk of type two, diabetes if they are overweight, are obese or have a family history of diabetes. Although the exact cause of type one diabetes is unknown, the body’s immune system, which is supposed to fight harmful bacteria and viruses, mistakenly destroys insulin-producing cells which are called islet, in the pancreas.

On its risk factors in children, Okaiwele said it includes, the family history, which is anyone with a parent, or siblings with type one diabetes, has a slightly increased risk of developing the condition. Also, excess sugar can injure the walls of the tiny blood vessels that nourish a child’s nerves and cause severe damage. Nerve damage usually happens gradually over a long period of time. It could also lead to kidney damage, which are like numerous tiny blood vessel clusters that filter waste from a child’s blood.

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