Somalia's members of Parliament attend a special assembly where the president is requesting for the abandonment of the two-year extension of his presidential term and the immediate elections to ease the recent political crisis at Villa Hargeisa in Mogadishu on May 1, 2021. Photo: AFPSomalia is witnessing its worst political crisis in years, with deadly clashes and armed rivals in Mogadishu after the head of state extended his mandate by two years without elections being held.
Puntland in the northeast has been around decades, commands strategic assets like ports, and chafes against any effort from Mogadishu to influence their affairs. The northwest region of Somaliland declared independence in 1991, although internationally it is a recognised part of Somalia and Mogadishu considers it a sixth state. In reality, the central government exerts little control over the breakaway republic.Life and politics in Somalia are governed by clans. Society is moored by kinship and clan identity comes first, with decisions made collectively within the group or subgroup.
But Farmajo also faces opposition from the regional leaders of Puntland and Jubaland — two Darod-dominated states. The indirect model has been used before. This time around it was to go further in terms of inclusivity, with double the polling locations and almost twice as many delegates voting as the last election in 2017.
“There’s always been this tussle between Mogadishu — the centre — and the periphery… this wasn’t created under the Farmajo administration but it was exacerbated,” Mahmood said.On April 12, the lower house of parliament voted to extend Farmajo’s term by two years, splitting the security forces along clan lines, and igniting deadly clashes in the capital.
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