California was home to up to 1,500 slaves before the Civil War, Kevin Waite tells a rapt audience at Smiley Library that included columnist David Allen.
While even 1,500 is a small number compared to the 4 million slaves in the United States in the 1850s, it’s not zero, is it?
According to Waite’s research, early San Bernardino had 30 slaves. Fourteen of them, including Mason, were owned by Robert Smith, who was probably the largest slaveholder in the West. wrote about her in 2020The West had a lot of Southern transplants and sympathizers, many of whom had outsized influence because they got coveted federal appointments, Waite explained. It was part of a national movement to tip the balance of power toward slavery and the Confederacy.
How did the tide turn? Sympathetic as many Californians were to the South, the majority recoiled from secession and the Confederacy, which they saw as extremism. And Lincoln shrewdly purged 1,500 civil servants in the West and replaced them with pro-Union appointees, stripping Southerners of much of their power here.
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