Why did Circassians, an indigenous people of Caucasia, face centuries-long persecution from Russians?
Circassians in Istanbul, Turkey, commemorate the banishment of their ancestors from their homeland by Russia on May 21, 2011. Circassians are a predominantly Muslim people whose homeland is in Caucasia – a geographic region extending from the eastern Black Sea to the Caspian Sea.
They were culturally and politically influenced by the Ottomans and their vassals, the Crimean Tatars. They also wanted to gain full control of the northeastern Black Sea, as the Ottomans controlled the southern Black Sea.The Russian Army marched into the highlands of Caucasia after defeating neighbouring Muslim powers such as the Qajars in successive wars since the early 18th century.But the Circassians were the worst affected because they offered the most resistance.For over 100 years – between 1763 and 1864 – the Circassians fought Russian armies in the mountains of Caucasia.
Russian troops were ordered to attack villages where the families of supposed Circassian fighters were living. Not long after, Russian military commander Nikolai Yevdokimov proposed that the Circassians should be expelled to the Ottoman Empire.
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