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A recent study reveals that archaea, ancient microorganisms, utilize hydrogen gas to survive in extreme environments, offering insights for potential biotechnological applications in hydrogen production and a sustainable green economy.
At the very top of the pyramid of life, there are three “domains” of life: eukaryotes , bacteria, and archaea. Archaea are single-celled organisms that can live in Earth’s most extreme environments. The most widely accepted scientific theory also suggests that eukaryotes, such as humans, evolved from a very ancient lineage of archaea merging with a bacteria cell through exchanging hydrogen gas.
These hydrogenases were thought to be restricted to only two “domains” of life: eukaryotes and bacteria. Here, the team has shown that they are present in archaea for the first time and that they are remarkably diverse in their form and function.The paper shows some archaea have the smallest hydrogen-producing enzymes of any life form on Earth. This could offer streamlined solutions for biological hydrogen production in industrial settings.
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