View the San Francisco for Wednesday, July 24, 2024
For all their amazing abilities to do things like writing Paddington Bear short stories on the fly and offering recipes that look like they were written by William Shakespeare, generative artificial-intelligence systems like ChatGPT have a big shortcoming.AI researchers have taken to calling such dubious responses “hallucinations.” But a team of philosophers at the University of Glasgow in Scotland thinks there’s a better term to describe what’s going on.
Hicks, Humphries and Slater said they became interested in what ChatGPT was doing after seeing their students turn in increasing numbers of papers that were clearly written by or with the help of such systems. Such papers had certain telltale signs, they told The Examiner. “Students cheating on their essays is a bummer and it’s bad for them, but it’s not the end of the world,” he said. “But when people don’t actually care about what the facts , don’t really care about making a cogent argument, then it gets really worrying, really fast.”
The problem with describing faulty outputs of such models as hallucinations is that the term implies that there’s something wrong in how those systems are perceiving the world, rather than in how they are designed, the researchers say. What’s more, the term implies that something unusual or unexpected has happened. But, Hicks and his colleagues argue, such systems are doing the same thing when they give false responses and true ones.
Hallucination is a particularly problematic term because it implies that systems like ChatGPT have some sort of intelligence or intent, said Chirag Shah, a professor in the Information School at the University of Washington. But that’s not what’s going on, he said. Hanna said she thinks a more apt metaphor is one University of Washington professor Emily Bender came up with: the Magic 8 Ball. That conveys the randomness and the lack of any kind of intelligence in their responses, she said.
Still, whether you use the term “bulls---” or “hallucinations” or something else, Landay agreed that it’s important to convey to users of AI models such as ChatGPT that they can’t fully expect the systems to be truthful. As he and Shah both noted, there’s a particular danger for people turning to such systems looking for medical or mental health advice.
“For years, many of us have wondered why there has not been a national organization pulling Asian public officials together, across the country,” Chiu told The Examiner. “We’re at a point where, as an Asian community, we have had some electoral successes. But we have so much more work to be done.” “We are, as a community, truly stronger together,” Chiu said. “We need to ensure that the progress of our community continues and that Asians have a seat at every table.”has diminished in recent years. Ten years ago, five of the 11 members of the Board of Supervisors were Asian American. Today, there is only one: District 1 Supervisor Connie Chan.
“Other ethnic communities have been much more successful over the decades in building and sustaining political influence and power,” Chiu said. “We have built infrastructure in a number of different sectors. We haven’t done that when it comes to politics.” “We’re still underrepresented,” NALEO CEO Arturo Vargas said. “But you have seen measurable increases in the number of Latinos in higher offices, whether they’re members of Congress, U.S. senators or state legislators.”and Los Angeles County Supervisor and former U.S. Secretary of Labor Hilda Solis joined NALEO early in their political careers.
“My profound hope is that my 8-year-old son, when he becomes an adult, will look at a career like mine differently than the experience I had growing up,” Chiu said. “Seeing how NALEO organized themselves and the issues that they focused on has given us a lot of guidance. And our hope is that we’re able to see benefits from this faster because we are learning from their experience.
For counselors working to help low-income residents find homes, the lack of options for the poorest of The City’s poor has been “demoralizing,” said Meg Heisler, the policy director for the San Francisco Communities Against Displacement coalition. The fund wouldn’t be supported by a new tax, but it’s unclear exactly where The City’s contributions to it would come from. One possible place is its existing funding sources for affordable housing, the measure’s backers say.
The City’s existing rental-subsidy programs available to such residents have been inadequate, backers of the measure say. For example, one of the city’s largest subsidy programs is targeted at unhoused residents, meaning that those who have homes don’t qualify. Another subsidy measure that’s aimed specifically at low-income seniors and that passed in 2019 is much more modest in scope.
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