NASA’s Answer to Mars Sample Return Problem: Develop Two Plans

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NASA’s Answer to Mars Sample Return Problem: Develop Two Plans
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The Perseverance rover has been collecting Martian rock samples since 2021, but NASA is still figuring out how to bring them back to Earth.

NASA’s Perseverance rover has been hard at work on Mars, collecting pieces of rock and stowing them away on the Red Planet. But back on Earth, the space agency has been struggling to carry out its plan of retrieving the Martian samples. Following months of deliberation, NASA has decided to pursue two alternative routes for its Mars Sample Return program, one of which elicits the help of the private industry.

During a media briefing on Tuesday, NASA announced an unusual approach to its ambitious Martian sample mission. The space agency will simultaneously pursue two different ways of brining samples from the other world to Earth.

At this point, NASA will proceed with “two distinct means of landing the payload platform on Mars,” the space agency wrote. The first option will involve tried and tested means of landing on Mars using a sky crane similar to ones used by NASA’s rovers, while the other option will opt for a new method developed by a commercial partner.

The two pathways would involve a smaller version of the Mars Ascent Vehicle, a lightweight rocket designed to launch the tubes containing the samples from Mars into the planet’s orbit. Both missions would also rely on the European Space Agency’s Earth Return Orbiter, which is designed to capture the orbiting sample container in Mars orbit. The sample container will hold 30 tubes.

“NASA’s rovers are enduring Mars’ harsh environment to collect ground-breaking science samples,” Nicky Fox, associate administrator for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate, said in a statement. “We want to bring those back as quickly as possible to study them in state-of-the-art facilities.”on the mission, referring to it as a “highly constrained and challenging campaign,” with “unrealistic budget and schedule expectations from the beginning.

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