In win for planetary defense, NASA mission successfully nudges asteroid orbit

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In win for planetary defense, NASA mission successfully nudges asteroid orbit
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NASA has confirmed that the DARTMission was a success: The impact of the spacecraft shortened its target’s orbit around another body by 32 minutes.

, smashing a cow-size spacecraft into Dimorphos, the 160-meter-wide moon of a larger asteroid. Today, the agency confirmed the mission was a success: The impact of the Double Asteroid Redirection Test spacecraft nudged the moon closer to its partner, Didymos, shortening its nearly 12-hour orbital period by 32 minutes.

NASA chose to conduct the test on a binary asteroid system for two reasons. First, even though the pair was not on a course to hit our planet, the 780-meter-wide Didymos served as a gravitational anchor during impact, ensuring that Dimorphos wasn’t inadvertently ricocheted toward Earth. And second, having a pair of space rocks locked in orbit made it easier for scientists to measure the asteroid’s deflection relative to its partner.

Making those estimates through the cloud of ejecta kicked up by the crash required multiple detailed observations of the system. In addition to a few space telescopes, dozens of observatories around Earth were locked in on the event. Scientists analyzed data from three telescopes in Chile and one in South Africa to calculate the new orbital period. Two more telescopes confirmed the results with radar observations.

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