HRT introduced early during the menopausal transition may protect against Alzheimer's dementia in women carrying the APOE4 gene, new research suggests.
receptors are localized in various areas of the brain, including cognition-related areas. Estrogen regulates such things as neuroinflammatory status, glucose utilization, and lipid metabolism.
HRT during the menopausal transition and afterward is"being considered as a strategy to mitigate cognitive decline," the investigators write. Early observational studies have suggested that oral estrogen"may be protective against dementia," but results of clinical trials have been inconsistent, and some have even shown"harmful effects," they add.
Participants were recruited from 10 European countries. All were required to be at least 50 years old, to have not been diagnosed with dementia at baseline, and to have no medical or psychiatric illness that could potentially exclude them from further research.groups. HRT treatment for current or previous users included estrogen alone or estrogen plus progestogens via oral or transdermal administration routes, and at different doses.
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