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A new study of fossil lampreys shows how they evolved from small and simple jawless fishes to large and fearsome predators with a toothed sucker mouth and a metamorphic life cycle.
Lampreys have a unique life cycle that involves a phase of metamorphosis. They start as blind, toothless larvae that feed on algae and organic matter. Then they transform into adults that have a sucker-like mouth with rows of sharp teeth. Some lamprey species use their mouth to suck blood from other animals, earning them the nickname of ‘vampire fish.’ However, some species do not feed at all as adults, which is a rare trait among vertebrates.
Tetsuto Miyashita, a palaeobiologist at the Canadian Museum of Nature in Ottawa, says the fossils are “impressive specimens.” Margaret Docker, a lamprey biologist at the University of Manitoba in Winnipeg, Canada, says the fossils’ large size is remarkable.
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